17 Apr 2011

Additionality Gauges Greenhouse Gas Reduction

As facilities with refrigeration and air-conditioning (RAC) systems or heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems begin efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, additionality will be used to determine the effectiveness of their changes. The formula compares business as usual prior to implementation with the levels of emissions after a greenhouse gas reduction project is in place.

Part of the process when establishing a greenhouse gas reduction projects is to set up a monitoring and verification plan. Additionality metrics within the plan explain who will be conducting the process, when and how it will be implemented. Software has been developed by specialists to streamline this process.

Project specific assessments are implemented by facilities that use refrigerant. Projected greenhouse gas reduction levels are calculated on an individual basis, by creating a baseline of levels to commence. Once a project is in place, a emission levels are compared to the baseline and the actual greenhouse gas emission reduction is calculated.

Specific industries have specific performance assessments, as used to determine additionality. For example, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system manufacturers or refrigeration and air-conditioning system manufacturers may measure performance improvements as compared to existing standards. This will apply for particular appliances or processes in relation to the reduction of greenhouse gas.

As global climate change is significantly affected by greenhouse gas emissions, so additionality plays a very important role in determining a reduction project's effectiveness. Many different industries and sectors are involved in greenhouse gas offset projects, for example, the methane capture and recovery projects in landfills, reforestation, and renewable energy efforts.

For businesses, it is important from an accounting standpoint to show the benefits of a greenhouse gas reduction program. In order for it to be a true emissions reduction, additionality criteria must be met. Ongoing monitoring and verification are key components to ensure actual reductions are real and have long-term sustainability. For facilities developing methods to reduce their use of refrigerant gas, automation of monitoring and tracking exists through software and web based applications developed by software providers who specialize in this area.

An important part of an additionality equation involves an examination of the permanency of the project. Risk factors must also be determined, leakage issues addressed and proper accounting maintained through verification and monitoring.

Currently there is a lot of discussion around the world concerning the availability of funding for companies who are engaged in greenhouse gas reduction projects. Determination of any funding would rely on additionality to determine if the project is more than just a business as usual improvement. Funding will not be made available if the project would have occurred anyway.

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